The Competitiveness of Sudanese Camels Exports to the Markets of Arab Countries

(A case study of Saudi Arabia for the Period 2016-2022)

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the determinants of the competitiveness of Sudanese camels 'export to the markets of Arab countries, especially Saudi Arabia in the period 2016-2022.To achieve the objectives the study policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) is used. The results of the study showed that the nominal protection coefficient equal one during the period of the study. This means that there is no actual difference or distortions between local prices and border prices or international prices. The results also showed that the value of the effective protection coefficient was about 1.3 during the study period, which means that the government support and protect the producer and the exporters of the camels. Moreover, the results indicate that the Saudi market share of Sudanese camel exports reached the largest percentage of 0.045 when calculating the market share index for the year 2016, while that share fluctuated in the other years of the study period, this will lead to a decrease in returns from hard currency and weak competitiveness in the Sudanese export market. This may occur because of Increased costs and the emergence of new competitive markets. This is consistent with the study’s hypothesis that there are many foreign markets that import Sudanese camels in different proportions. Further the results summarized that Sudan country enjoys diversity in camel exports, as the diversity index was estimated at less than one during the study period, which means that there is a high degree of diversity in Sudanese camel exports in global and Arab markets, that indicates the presence of competitive ability for Sudanese camel exports. The indicators analyzed during the study period proved that Sudanese camel exports have a comparative advantage. This is considered an important indicator of the existence of a competitive advantage that it should be developed and sustained.