دراسة تاريخية للعوامل المؤثرة على أزياء طاقم الطائرة المساعد
الكلمات المفتاحية:
تاريخ الأزياء، طاقم الطائرة المساعد
الملخص
يهدف هذا البحث إلى تأريخ أزياء طاقم الطائرة المساعد باللغة العربية، ودراسة العوامل التي أدت إلى تغير هذه الأزياء وتوضيح التغيرات التي حدثت عليها تبعا للعوامل المؤثرة، واتبع البحث المنهج التاريخي، ومن خلال الدراسة، تم تسجيل تأثير العوامل المختلفة على أزياء الطاقم والتغيرات عليه وبتحليل النتائج تم توضيح تأثير العوامل السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية واستراتيجيات التسويق من قبل شركات الطيران وتأثير كل ذلك بشكل ملحوظ على أزياء الطاقم.
المراجع
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بتاريخ 23/10/2021.
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http://search.mandumah.com/Record/3212
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https://2u.pw/POPKW
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7- الشيخ، خالد. (15/11/2015). أسباب تغير الموضة. تم استرجاعها من https://shortest.link/5APx/
بتاريخ 15/11/2021
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https://arabic.cnn.com/travel/article/2018/09/18/turkish-airlines-uniforms-cabin-crew
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https://shortest.link/5Fea
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26- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016). [Picture from the Internet]. CHRISTIAN DIOR Air France stewardess uniform 1962. Retrieved on 24\11\2021 from
https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
27- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016). [Picture from the Internet]. Pacific Southwest Airlines flight attendant uniform in the 1970s. Retrieved on 25\11\2021from
https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
28- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016). [Picture from the Internet]. Yves Saint Laurent Qantas Airways female flight attendant uniform 1986. Retrieved on 28\12\2021 from https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
29- Fast Company, M. M. (2016, January 8). A Cultural History Of Flight Attendant Uniforms, From Go-Go Boots To Power Suits. Retrieved on 29\12\2021 from https://cutt.ly/CMOL5rl
30- Getty Images. (1937). [Picture from the Internet]. Uniform of Germany's first air hostess, Heinrich Kubis. Werner Franz and Heinrich Kubis. nikhil UNITED STATES - MAY 09: Werner Franz and Heinrich Kubis. nikhil (Photo by Larry Froeber/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images). Credit: New York Daily News Archive / Contributor Editorial #:97330728. Collection: New York Daily News Date created:09 May, 1937 Object name: 1999\05\13\N0153692.JPG. Retrieved on 6\11\2022 from https://2u.pw/Y9VkK
31- Halston. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Braniff International Airways cabin crew uniforms, 1977. #halston Halston for Braniff Airlines...comfort and ease on-the-go. Retrieved on 27\12\2021 from
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/127437864428164805/
32- Imdb. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Movie Poster Come Fly with Me. Retrieved on 24\11\2021 from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056941/
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2004.06.003
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38- Learning English. (2021). Ukraine Airline Updates Work Clothes for Female Flight Attendants October 14, 2021. Retrieved on 17\19\2022 From https://shortest.link/5W9I
39- Levin, Henry. (1963). Come Fly with Me. [Motion picture]. United States of America: De Grunwald Productions.
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41- Love Exploring. (2021). [Picture from the Internet]. Eastern Airline stewardess uniform. How air travel has changed in every decade from the 1920s to today. Retrieved on 20\11\20221 from
https://2u.pw/i1qgM
42- Mcallister, B & Wilkinson, S. (2012). Skygirls: A Photographic History of the Airline Stewardess. China: C&C Offset Printing.
43- Mental Floss, R. J. (2021, April 19). Sexism at 40,000 Feet: When United Banned. Retrieved on 16\11\2022From
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/644331/united-airlines-men-only-executive-flights
44- National Clothing. (n.d.). Cabin Crew Fashion Throughout Time. What Did Flight Attendants Wear In Different Periods Of History?. Retrieved on 16\11\2022From https://shortest.link/5BVZ
45- National Clothing. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. A mid-1960s advertisement for Trans World Airlines' flight attendant costumes. Cabin crew fashion throughout time. What did flight attendants wear in different periods of history?. Retrieved on 27\11\2021 from
https://2u.pw/qEqlP
46- Omelia, Johanna, & Waldock, Michael. (2003). Come Fly With Us!: A Global History Of The Airline Hostess, Singapore: Collectors Press.
47- Philippine Airlines. (2021 August 20). You're Why We Fly Safe | English [Snapshot from YouTube]. Retrieved on 7\11\2022 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5DGOHeJH88&t=2s
48- Rediscover the Cx Uniforms. (2012). [Picture from the Internet]. On the Facebook [page of Cathay Pacific Airlines]. Cathay Pacific's first uniform in 1946, inspired by military designs, paired a navy suit with a stylish hat. Retrieved on 30\12\2021 from https://2u.pw/tjCiL
49- Reuters. (2021). [Picture from the Internet]. SkyUp cabin crew uniforms 2021. Ukrainian airline ditches skirts and heels for loose suits and sneakers. Retrieved on 30\12\2021 from
https://cutt.ly/NN9vLJ9
50- Rogell, Albert S. (1933) Air Hostess. [Motion picture]. United States Of America: Martin Johnson Osa Johnson.
51- Simon Jersey. (n.d.). Emirates Case Study. Retrieved From https://www.simonjersey.com/emirates-case-study-i46
52- Sky Up changes uniform: high heels out, trainers in. (2021, October 4). The Bangladesh Monitor. Retrieved From https://shortest.link/5Wbg
53- Southern living. Y. K (n.d.) Flight Attendant Uniforms Through the Years.
https://shortest.link/5VVl
54- Southern living. Yarborough. Kaitlyn. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Fen Air Crew Cabin Crew Uniforms 1997. Flight Attendant Uniforms Through the Years. Retrieved on 28\12\2021 From https://2u.pw/jL5Tr
55- SFO Museum [SFOMuseum]. (8, October,2016) Hailed by fashion critics, this pivotal 1962 Air France uniform by #Dior elegantly married mobility with sophistication. #FashionInFlight [Tweet ]. Retrieved From https://twitter.com/sfomuseum/status/784587901992599552?lang=ar
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2- بحران، لؤي. (15/5/2017). في مثل هذا اليوم قبل 87 عاما ظهرت أول مضيفة طيران (صور). تم استرجاعه من https://www.eremnews.com/entertainment/838314
بتاريخ 23/10/2021.
3- البسام، ليلى. (2005). التراث التقليدي لملابس النساء في المنطقة الشرقية من المملكة العربية السعودية. مجلة العلوم الإنسانية – البحرين، ع 11، 194 – 265. مسترجع من
http://search.mandumah.com/Record/3212
4- هي. (2016). ]صورة من الإنترنت[. زي مضيفات الخطوط الجوية المتحدة United Airlines عام 1939 .بالصور .. تاريخ أزياء المضيفات في مطار سان فرانسيسكو الدولي. تم استرجاعها بتاريخ 22/11/2021 من
https://2u.pw/POPKW
5- ساروخ، صفية عبد العزيز. (2012). المرشد في تصميم الأزياء. الإسكندرية: كلية الزراعة – جامعة الإسكندرية.
6- سفر جوي إلى الماضي: كيف تغيرت الرحلات الجوية خلال المئة عام. (27 أكتوبر، 2017). تم استرجاعها بتاريخ 29/12/2021 من https://shortest.link/5FoS
7- الشيخ، خالد. (15/11/2015). أسباب تغير الموضة. تم استرجاعها من https://shortest.link/5APx/
بتاريخ 15/11/2021
8- CNN العربية. (2018). فخامة الموضة تصل عالم الطيران.. هذه أحدث أزياء طواقم الخطوط التركية. تم استرجاعها بتاريخ 8/12/2022 من https://arabic.cnn.com/travel/article/2018/09/18/turkish-airlines-uniforms-cabin-crew
9- CNN العربية (2018). ]صورة من الإنترنت[. أزياء طاقم الخطوط الجوية التركية Turkish Airlines عام 2018من تصميم الإيطالي إيتوري بيلوتا Ettore Bilotta فخامة الموضة تصل عالم الطيران.. هذه أحدث أزياء طواقم الخطوط التركية. تم استرجاعها بتاريخ 29/12/2021 من
https://arabic.cnn.com/travel/article/2018/09/18/turkish-airlines-uniforms-cabin-crew
10- ABC NEWS. (2020). Coronavirus grounded planes all over the world. Will pilots be out of practice when flying resumes?. Retrieved From https://shortest.link/5W7u
11- Aerotime. (2016). Heinrich Kubis: The First Flight Attendant. Retrieved on 17\11\2022 From https://shortest.link/5BU4
12- Air And Space. (n.d.). The History Of Commercial Aviation in the United States from air mail to airlines. Retrieved From https://shortest.link/5Vtn
13- Air France. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. flight attendant uniform 2005 UNIFORMS Air France - a constant symbol of French elegance. By Christian Lacroix. Retrieved on 7\11\2022 from https://corporate.airfrance.com/en/uniforms
14- Alejandra And Marco. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Alitalia airways Uniforms 2016 by Ettore Bilotta. Retrieved on 29\12\2021 from https://alejandraandmarco.com/alitalia-made-of-italy
15- Aqui em cima. (2012). Série Uniformes: Air France. On 17\10\2022 from https://shortest.link/5c37
16- Barcelona European Aviation School. (n.d.). Flight attendants Courses for airlines. Retrieved on 22\3\20121 From https://easbcn.com/en/c/flight-attendants/
17- Barry, Kathleen. (2007). Femininity in Flight: The History of the Flight Attendants. United States of America: Duke University Press Books.
18- Beach Bum Chris. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Pan Am Uniforms 1980s, by Adolfo. Retrieved on 28\12\2021 from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/776237685763102056/
19- Daily Mail, R. G. (2017, August 17). Sexist job ads reveal how air stewardesses in the 50s and 60s had to be single, under 29, weigh less than 135lbs, 'smile like they mean it' - and would be fired on the spot if they married or got pregnant. Retrieved on 28\12\2021 from
https://shortest.link/5Fea
20- The Design Air. (2016). Alitalia’s New Uniforms Are Flagship of New Brand Image. Retrieved on 17\10\2022 from https://shortest.link/5W62
21- Emirates Airline [emirates]. (13, March, 2016). Emirates cabin crew uniforms since 2009 Designed by Simone Jersey. Watch Emirates cabin crew sing their hearts out at @ChoirFestMe.[Image from Tweet]. Retrieved on 7\11\2022 From https://twitter.com/emirates/status/708970043133042688/photo/1
22- Everything pan am. (n.d.). The Virtual Pan Am Museum, 1980s Pan Am Employees & Customers. Retrieved on 17\10\2022 From http://www.everythingpanam.com/1980s_People.html
23- Fashionary. (2016). Fashionpedia - The Visual Dictionary Of Fashion Design. United kingdom: Fashionary.
24- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016, June 14). Retrieved from
https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
25- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016). [Picture from the Internet]. Transworld Airlines flight attendant uniform by Oleg Cassini 1955. Retrieved on 6\11\2022 from https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
26- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016). [Picture from the Internet]. CHRISTIAN DIOR Air France stewardess uniform 1962. Retrieved on 24\11\2021 from
https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
27- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016). [Picture from the Internet]. Pacific Southwest Airlines flight attendant uniform in the 1970s. Retrieved on 25\11\2021from
https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
28- Fashion In Flight: A History of Airline Uniform Design. (2016). [Picture from the Internet]. Yves Saint Laurent Qantas Airways female flight attendant uniform 1986. Retrieved on 28\12\2021 from https://issuu.com/sfomuseum/docs/fashion_in_flight_sfo_museum
29- Fast Company, M. M. (2016, January 8). A Cultural History Of Flight Attendant Uniforms, From Go-Go Boots To Power Suits. Retrieved on 29\12\2021 from https://cutt.ly/CMOL5rl
30- Getty Images. (1937). [Picture from the Internet]. Uniform of Germany's first air hostess, Heinrich Kubis. Werner Franz and Heinrich Kubis. nikhil UNITED STATES - MAY 09: Werner Franz and Heinrich Kubis. nikhil (Photo by Larry Froeber/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images). Credit: New York Daily News Archive / Contributor Editorial #:97330728. Collection: New York Daily News Date created:09 May, 1937 Object name: 1999\05\13\N0153692.JPG. Retrieved on 6\11\2022 from https://2u.pw/Y9VkK
31- Halston. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Braniff International Airways cabin crew uniforms, 1977. #halston Halston for Braniff Airlines...comfort and ease on-the-go. Retrieved on 27\12\2021 from
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/127437864428164805/
32- Imdb. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Movie Poster Come Fly with Me. Retrieved on 24\11\2021 from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056941/
33- Imdb. (n.d.). Come Fly with Me. Retrieved on 24\11\2021 from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056941/
34- Ito, H., & Lee, D. (2005). Assessing the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks on US airline demand. Journal of Economics and Business, 57(1), 75-95.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2004.06.003
35- The American Presidency Project. (1990). Proclamation 6157—Flight Attendant Safety Professionals' Day, 1990. Retrieved From https://shortest.link/5Foe
36- The Travel. (2020). 15 Pics of The Evolution of Flight Attendant Uniforms. Retrieved on 17\11\2020 From https://www.thetravel.com/evolution-flight-attendant-uniforms/
37- The Ultimate Fashion History. (2020 May 13). "COME FLY WITH ME" 100 Years of Flight Attendant Fashion [ video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HYgj6d9PrI
38- Learning English. (2021). Ukraine Airline Updates Work Clothes for Female Flight Attendants October 14, 2021. Retrieved on 17\19\2022 From https://shortest.link/5W9I
39- Levin, Henry. (1963). Come Fly with Me. [Motion picture]. United States of America: De Grunwald Productions.
40- Love Exploring. (2021). How Air Travel Has Changed In Every Decade From The 1920s To Today. Retrieved on 20\11\20221 from https://shortest.link/5Svc
41- Love Exploring. (2021). [Picture from the Internet]. Eastern Airline stewardess uniform. How air travel has changed in every decade from the 1920s to today. Retrieved on 20\11\20221 from
https://2u.pw/i1qgM
42- Mcallister, B & Wilkinson, S. (2012). Skygirls: A Photographic History of the Airline Stewardess. China: C&C Offset Printing.
43- Mental Floss, R. J. (2021, April 19). Sexism at 40,000 Feet: When United Banned. Retrieved on 16\11\2022From
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/644331/united-airlines-men-only-executive-flights
44- National Clothing. (n.d.). Cabin Crew Fashion Throughout Time. What Did Flight Attendants Wear In Different Periods Of History?. Retrieved on 16\11\2022From https://shortest.link/5BVZ
45- National Clothing. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. A mid-1960s advertisement for Trans World Airlines' flight attendant costumes. Cabin crew fashion throughout time. What did flight attendants wear in different periods of history?. Retrieved on 27\11\2021 from
https://2u.pw/qEqlP
46- Omelia, Johanna, & Waldock, Michael. (2003). Come Fly With Us!: A Global History Of The Airline Hostess, Singapore: Collectors Press.
47- Philippine Airlines. (2021 August 20). You're Why We Fly Safe | English [Snapshot from YouTube]. Retrieved on 7\11\2022 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5DGOHeJH88&t=2s
48- Rediscover the Cx Uniforms. (2012). [Picture from the Internet]. On the Facebook [page of Cathay Pacific Airlines]. Cathay Pacific's first uniform in 1946, inspired by military designs, paired a navy suit with a stylish hat. Retrieved on 30\12\2021 from https://2u.pw/tjCiL
49- Reuters. (2021). [Picture from the Internet]. SkyUp cabin crew uniforms 2021. Ukrainian airline ditches skirts and heels for loose suits and sneakers. Retrieved on 30\12\2021 from
https://cutt.ly/NN9vLJ9
50- Rogell, Albert S. (1933) Air Hostess. [Motion picture]. United States Of America: Martin Johnson Osa Johnson.
51- Simon Jersey. (n.d.). Emirates Case Study. Retrieved From https://www.simonjersey.com/emirates-case-study-i46
52- Sky Up changes uniform: high heels out, trainers in. (2021, October 4). The Bangladesh Monitor. Retrieved From https://shortest.link/5Wbg
53- Southern living. Y. K (n.d.) Flight Attendant Uniforms Through the Years.
https://shortest.link/5VVl
54- Southern living. Yarborough. Kaitlyn. (n.d.). [Picture from the Internet]. Fen Air Crew Cabin Crew Uniforms 1997. Flight Attendant Uniforms Through the Years. Retrieved on 28\12\2021 From https://2u.pw/jL5Tr
55- SFO Museum [SFOMuseum]. (8, October,2016) Hailed by fashion critics, this pivotal 1962 Air France uniform by #Dior elegantly married mobility with sophistication. #FashionInFlight [Tweet ]. Retrieved From https://twitter.com/sfomuseum/status/784587901992599552?lang=ar
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منشور
2022-12-23
كيفية الاقتباس
ملاك حاتم غيث, & د. أروى داوود خميّس. (2022). دراسة تاريخية للعوامل المؤثرة على أزياء طاقم الطائرة المساعد. International Journal on Humanities and Social Sciences, (40), 160-181. https://doi.org/10.33193/IJoHSS.40.2022.504
إصدار
القسم
المقالات
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2022 ملاك حاتم غيث , د. أروى داوود خميّس
هذا العمل مرخص حسب الرخصة Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
